There are also a number of weaknesses and constraints within civil society that need to be addressed. These include:

• the transparency and effectiveness with which civic groups voice community interests;
• the capacities and resources within civil society, and the intensity of inputs that can be difficult to sustain or replicate;
• the time needed for marginal groups such as women to gain experience and confidence in participating in formal structures;
• the limited abilities of civil society to scale up successful examples;
• the limitations imposed by community constraints, such as literacy and social stratification.